自然说、自然听、自然致

Kevin Kelly（凯文·凯利，网名KK）是著名的科技评论家，曾担任Wired杂志第一任主编。主要作品是失控。在他68岁生日的时候，在其个人网站kk.org发布了《给年轻人的68条建议》。因为这篇文章出乎意料的火了，被翻译成多种语言。他又在69岁生日的时候，完善发布了《给年轻人的99条建议》。

改变世界

1、小时候，让你与其他同龄人显得格格不入的东西，长大后会帮助你成功。如果你不失去它的话。
That thing that made you weird as a kid could make you great as an adult — if you don’t lose it.
理解：有的时候，身边的人跟你说的不一定就是对的。每一个成功的人他的路几乎都是不可复制的，不论是父母还是其他人。无论他是否成功，有些事情每个时代都会有截然不同的方式。

2、如果在你认为会失败的地方失败了，那就不是失败。
If something fails where you thought it would fail, that is not a failure.
理解：最起码已经有预判结果的能力了。

3、最大的回报来自于从事无人知晓的工作。如果可能的话，在没有人知道你在做什么的地方工作。
The greatest rewards come from working on something that nobody has a name for. If you possibly can, work where t here are no words for what you do.
理解：市场经济下，大家都能做的事情怎么会有高的回报呢。

4、不要为了赚钱而创造东西；赚钱是为了让你能创造东西。活儿干得好会带来更多的活儿。
Don’t create things to make money; make money so you can create things. The reward for good work is more work.
理解：真正的赚钱是源源不断的持续收入，适用于只做一次的生意现实中大多存在于景区等高人流场景。

5、众多的坏主意是形成一个好主意的必要条件。
A multitude of bad ideas is necessary for one good idea.
理解：能知道这是个坏主意，最起码还可以基于此逐步优化成一个好主意。

6、智者看到一样东西，疑问要比答案多。
Being wise means having more questions than answers.
理解：有智慧的人，正是因为他会不断地提出疑问、不断地学习。按照这种说法，那些说起话来不容置疑的人，看起来并不是那么可信。

7、大多数一夜之间的成功(实际上是任何重大的成功)至少需要5年的时间。规划好你的人生。
Most overnight successes — in fact any significant successes — take at least 5 years. Budget your life accordin gly.
理解：没有准备怎么能承受风险呢，除非是因为一时的运气。

8、当你不再转变观点，你就不再成长。
You are only as young as the last time you changed your mind.
理解：其实人的一生，在一件事情上不同时期的理解是不同的。长大了这类描述可能更加通俗易懂。

9、要想变得富有，就要积累所有金钱买不到的东西。
To be wealthy, accumulate all those things that money can’t buy.
理解：

10、正人先正己。
Be the change you wish to see.
理解：自己都做不好的事情，怎么要求别人做呢。

11、在头脑风暴、即兴发挥、与他人合作时，如果你有意使用“是的，而且”引出例证，来代替通过“不对，但是”当场反驳 ，那么您获得更深远的成果。
When brainstorming, improvising, jamming with others, you’ll go much further and deeper if you build upon each c ontribution with a playful “yes — and” example instead of a deflating “no — but” reply.
理解：

12、工作是为了成为(理想的自己)，而不是为了获得(回报)。
Work to become, not to acquire.
13、在通往远大目标的路上，庆祝最小的胜利，就好像每一个胜利都是最终目标。无论结局如何，你都是胜利者。
On the way to a grand goal, celebrate the smallest victories as if each one were the final goal. No matter where it ends you are victorious.
14、有价值的重复: 反复确认，一次成功。
Worth repeating: measure twice, cut once.
15、生活热情应当适合自己，但人生目标应该超越自己。为比个人更远大的事工作。
Your passion in life should fit you exactly; but your purpose in life should exceed you. Work for something much larger than yourself.
16、金钱的作用被高估了。真正的创新很少需要大量资金，否则大公司将垄断创新。相反，几乎所有的突破都是由那些缺乏钱的人实现的，正是因为他们资源有限，才被迫进行创新，依靠自己的热情、毅力和独创性来寻找新的方法。资源不足是创新的优势。
Money is overrated. Truly new things rarely need an abundance of money. If that was so, billionaires would have a monopoly on inventing new things, and they don’t. Instead almost all breakthroughs are made by those who lack money, b ecause they are forced to rely on their passion, persistence and ingenuity to figure out new ways. Being poor is an adva ntage in innovation.
创业公司最大的苦恼就是没有资源，但是 KK 认为这恰恰是一种优势。一个公司能够创新，不是因为有钱，更大 的原因是没钱，不得不发明新方法。
17、忽略别人可能对你的看法，因为他们不是这样想的。
Ignore what others may be thinking of you, because they aren’t.
18、坏事可能发生得很快，但几乎所有好事都发生得很慢。
Bad things can happen fast, but almost all good things happen slowly.
19、不要担心你如何或从哪里开始。只要你继续前进，你的成功将离你的起点很远。
Don’t worry how or where you begin. As long as you keep moving, your success will be far from where you start.
20、如果你的目标没有规划，那它就是一个梦想。
If your goal does not have a schedule, it is a dream.
21、不少最伟大的突破被(普通人)错过了，因为它们看起来就很难。
The greatest breakthroughs are missed because they look like hard work.
22、一切都是先难后易。在出现转折点之前，这都是一个愚蠢的想法。
Everything is hard before it is easy. The day before something is a breakthrough, it’s a stupid idea.
23、逆水行舟，不进则退。
Many backward steps are made by standing still.
24、这是制作东西的最佳时机。20年后最伟大、最酷的创意还没有一个被发明出来。现在开始并不晚。
This is the best time ever to make something. None of the greatest, coolest creations 20 years from now have been invented yet. You are not late.
25、要成功，就要让别人付钱给你; 要变得富有，就要帮助别人成功。
To succeed, get other people to pay you; to become wealthy, help other people to succeed.
26、做东西的时候，一定要多加一些东西 —— 额外的材料、额外的零件、额外的空间和额外的装饰。这些额外的东西可以作 为错误的备份，减轻压力，为将来做好准备。它们是最便宜的保险。
When making something, always get a few extras — extra material, extra parts, extra space, extra finishes. The e xtras serve as backups for mistakes, reduce stress, and fill your inventory for the future. They are the cheapest insura nce.
27、历史告诉我们，从现在开始的100年后，你认为会被证明是错误的一些假设。今天问自己一个很好的问题: “我可能错在哪 里?”
History teaches us that in 100 years from now some of the assumptions you believed will turn out to be wrong. A g ood question to ask yourself today is “What might I be wrong about?”
28、工作方式
成功秘诀: 少说，多做。
Recipe for success: under-promise and over-deliver.
29、轻、重、缓、急
Be governed not by the tyranny of the urgent but by the elevation of the important.
30、在所有事情上（除了爱情）要先从退出策略开始计划。为结局做准备。几乎任何东西都是进场容易出场难。
In all things — except love — start with the exit strategy. Prepare for the ending. Almost anything is easier t o get into than out of.
31、你的工作将是无穷无尽的，但你的时间是有限的。你不能限制工作，所以你必须限制你的时间。时间是你唯一能做的事情 。
Your work will be endless, but your time is finite. You cannot limit the work so you must limit your time. Hours are the only thing you can manage.
32、不要让你的电子邮件收件箱成为你的待办事项清单。
Don’t let your email inbox become your to-do list.
33、解开缠结的最好方法不是“解开”绳结，而是把绳结拉得越来越大。只要尽可能地把这些乱七八糟的东西弄得大大的，松 散的，敞开的就行了。当你打开这些结时，它们会自己解开。适用于软线、绳、软管、纱线或电子电缆。
The best way to untangle a knotty tangle is not to “untie” the knots, but to keep pulling the loops apart wider and wider. Just make the mess as big, loose and open as possible. As you open up the knots they will unravel themselves . Works on cords, strings, hoses, yarns, or electronic cables.
34、为了对付对手，先成为他们的朋友。
To combat an adversary, become their friend.
35、对待一件简单的事情（几乎是任何事情）但要非常认真地对待，就好像它是世界上唯一的东西，或者也许整个世界都在里 面一样。认真对待它，你就让它闪闪发光。
Take one simple thing — almost anything — but take it extremely seriously, as if it was the only thing in the w orld, or maybe the entire world is in it — and by taking it seriously you’ll light up the sky.
实用技巧
36、学会闭眼用一只手打结。在你以后的生活中，你用这个结的次数会超出你的想象。
Learn how to tie a bowline knot. Practice in the dark. With one hand. For the rest of your life you’ll use this knot more times than you would ever believe.
不太清楚打结有什么用，查了下只知道这种结比较牢固，期待你的分享。
37、不要借钱给朋友，除非你准备好把它当作礼物。
Don’t loan money to a friend unless you are ready to make it a gift.
38、搭便车的时候，要让自己看起来像你愿意载的人。
When hitchhiking, look like the person you want to pick you up.
39、如果你不能说出自己迫切需要的东西，那可能就是睡眠。
If you can’t tell what you desperately need, it’s probably sleep.
40、当你遇到卡住的螺栓或螺钉时: 右紧，左松。
When you confront a stuck bolt or screw: righty tighty, lefty loosey.
41、即使在热带地区，夜晚也会比你想象的更冷。带上暖和的行李。
Even in the tropics it gets colder at night than you think. Pack warmly.
42、跳舞要扭屁股。
Dance with your hips.
43、当你陷入困境时，休息一下。让你的潜意识为你服务。
When you are stuck, sleep on it. Let your subconscious work for you.
44、对你的孩子好一点，因为他们会为你选养老院。
Be nice to your children because they are going to choose your nursing home.
45、好习惯
每天写下一件你感激的事情是有史以来最便宜的治疗方法。
Writing down one thing you are grateful for each day is the cheapest possible therapy ever.
46、别按下“再睡一会”。那只是训练你睡过头。
Avoid hitting the snooze button. That’s just training you to oversleep.
训练，让我想到了巴普洛夫和他的狗勾。
47、通过改变自己的行为来改变自己的思维方式，比通过改变自己的思维方式来改变自己的行为要容易得多。把你想要的改变 付诸行动。
It is much easier to change how you think by changing your behavior, than it is to change your behavior by changi ng how you think. Act out the change you seek.
48、如果你想着只吃3口，你就有可能吃掉任何甜点。
You can eat any dessert you want if you take only 3 bites.
投资建议
49、生活中所有最大的收获(财富、人际关系或知识)都来自复利的魔力,放大微小的稳定收益。你所需要的就是不断地增加1% 而不是定期减少1% 。
All the greatest gains in life — in wealth, relationships, or knowledge —come from the magic of compounding int erest — amplifying small steady gains. All you need for abundance is to keep adding 1% more than you subtract on a regu lar basis.
50、除了挥撒激情之外，所有事情都要节俭。
Be frugal in all things, except in your passions splurge.
待人之道
51、真诚的道歉不会强调借口。单纯的赞美不会附带要求。
It’s not an apology if it comes with an excuse. It is not a compliment if it comes with a request.
52、让所有的门都保持原样。
Leave a gate behind you the way you first found it.
53、世界各地的农村地区，礼貌的一个重要原则就是让门保持原样(或者让所有的门都保持原样)。如果一扇门被发 现是开着的，那么它应该是开着的，如果是关着的，那么它应该是关着的。如果必须穿过一个关闭的大门，事后应该再关闭。它适用于前 往或穿越农场、牧场和车站的游客。
54、不要以让其他人喜欢你为目标，而是要让他们敬佩你。
Don’t aim to have others like you; aim to have them respect you.
55、成熟的基础: 这不是你的错，并不意味着它不是你的责任。
The foundation of maturity: Just because it’s not your fault doesn’t mean it’s not your responsibility.
56、在别人背后给予他们赞美。赞美也会回到你身边。
Compliment people behind their back. It’ll come back to you.
57、持续的愤怒会让你变得愚蠢。
Sustained outrage makes you stupid.
58、对自己要严格，对他人要宽容。反之，对每个人来说都是地狱。
Be strict with yourself and forgiving of others. The reverse is hell for everyone.
59、对侮辱的最佳回应是“你可能是对的”。因为事实往往如此。
Your best response to an insult is “You’re probably right.” Often they are.
60、如果你能避免寻求别人的认可，你的力量就是无限的。
If you can avoid seeking approval of others, your power is limitless.
61、当孩子没完没了地问“为什么?”,最聪明的回答是: “我不知道，你对这事怎么看?”
When a child asks an endless string of “why?” questions, the smartest reply is, “I don’t know, what do you th ink?”
62、平静是会传染的。
Calm is contagious.
63、即使是一个愚蠢的人，在大多数事情上也可能是正确的。传统智慧大多数是正确的。
Even a foolish person can still be right about most things. Most conventional wisdom is true.
64、思考别人的弱点很容易; 思考自己的弱点很难，但回报要高得多。
Contemplating the weaknesses of others is easy; contemplating the weaknesses in yourself is hard, but it pays a m uch higher reward.
65、如果你借了什么东西，试着把它以比你收到的更好的形状归还。清洗，磨利，填满它。
If you borrow something, try to return it in better shape than you received it. Clean it, sharpen it, fill it up.
66、借充电宝后充满电再给人送过去会好很多，这也是我从朋友身上学到的。
——第一个喝牛奶的人对奶牛做了 什么,NGA
67、让人群安静下来，或者让醉汉安静下来，只需要轻声说话。
To quiet a crowd or a drunk, just whisper.
68、不要像对待坏人那样对待他们。像对待自己那样对待他们。
Don’t treat people as bad as they are. Treat them as good as you are.
69、如果你每次交际的时候，都给对方带去一份祝福; 以后，当你给他们带去问题时，他们也会乐于帮你。
Each time you reach out to people, bring them a blessing; then they’ll be happy to see you when you bring them a problem.
70、别说废话。
Always say less than necessary.
71、如果你遇到了一个混蛋，请忽视他。如果你每天到处遇到混蛋，请自省。
If you meet a jerk, overlook them. If you meet jerks everywhere everyday, look deeper into yourself.
72、你可以通过发现某人相信愚蠢观念原因，来减少烦扰。
You can reduce the annoyance of someone’s stupid belief by increasing your understanding of why they believe it.
73、三人行必有我师。
Every person you meet knows an amazing lot about something you know virtually nothing about. Your job is to disco ver what it is, and it won’t be obvious.
74、总是给予赞扬，承担责任。
Always give credit, take blame.
Give me credit 称赞表扬我的功劳 ; 称赞我
75、人们记不住演讲里超过3点的内容。
People can’t remember more than 3 points from a speech.
诈骗克星
76、如果有人试图说服你，这不是传销。但这就是传销。
If someone is trying to convince you it’s not a pyramid scheme, it’s a pyramid scheme.
77、不管是谁想知道你的账户信息，首先假设是诈骗，除非证明他们是清白的。证实的方法是给他们回电话，或者在官方网站 登录你的账户，不要实用他们提供的网站登录(防止钓鱼诈骗)。当他们通过电话、短信或电子邮件与你联系时，不要泄露任何身份信息。 你得掌控对话。
Assume anyone asking for your account information for any reason is guilty of scamming you, unless proven innocen t. The way to prove innocence is to call them back, or login to your account using numbers or a website that you provide , not them. Don’t release any identifying information while they are contacting you via phone, message or email. You mu st control the channel.
78、孩子们完全乐于接受甚至渴望家庭规则。“我们家有个原则”是父母制定家庭策略的唯一借口。“我有个原则”是你设定 自我保护策略的唯一借口。
Children totally accept — and crave — family rules. “In our family we have a rule for X” is the only excuse a parent needs for setting a family policy. In fact, “I have a rule for X” is the only excuse you need for your own per sonal policies.

避免受伤
79、永远不要把刀朝向自己。
Always cut away from yourself.
80、所有枪都上膛了。
All guns are loaded.

家庭生活
81、你不是和一个人结婚，而是和一个家庭结婚。
You don’t marry a person, you marry a family.
82、某些事情不需要完美就能变得美妙。尤其是婚礼。
Something does not need to be perfect to be wonderful. Especially weddings.

禅
83、当有人告诉你有些事情不对劲时，他们通常是对的。当有人告诉你如何解决这个问题时，他们通常是错误的。
When someone tells you something is wrong, they’re usually right. When someone tells you how to fix it, they’re usually wrong.
84、如果你认为自己看到了一只老鼠，那么你确实看到了。如果有一只老鼠，那么肯定还有更多。
If you think you saw a mouse, you did. And, if there is one, there are more.
85、从你的日程表可以看出你做事的优先级，从你交往的朋友能判断你将去到哪里。
Show me your calendar and I will tell you your priorities. Tell me who your friends are, and I’ll tell you where you’re going.
86、为了发现你生命中的礼物是什么，你被赋予了生命的礼物。当你弄清楚你的任务是什么的时候，你就会完成你的任务。这 不是一个悖论。事件的过程就是这样。
You are given the gift of life in order to discover what your gift in life is. You will complete your mission w hen you figure out what your mission is. This is not a paradox. This is the way.
87、我们不是暂时拥有灵魂的肉体。我们是暂时拥有肉体的灵魂。
We are not bodies that temporarily have souls. We are souls that temporarily have bodies.
88、我敬佩的人，他们读过的书都比我多。
I have never met a person I admired who did not read more books than I did.
89、实践是最好的老师。
The greatest teacher is called “doing”.
90、有限的游戏是为了赢或输。为了让游戏继续下去，我们玩了无限的游戏。寻找无限的游戏，因为它们会带来无限的回报。
Finite games are played to win or lose. Infinite games are played to keep the game going. Seek out infinite games because they yield infinite rewards.
91、一个可以用钱解决的问题并不是真正的问题。
A problem that can be solved with money is not really a problem.
92、不经风雨，怎见彩虹。
No rain, no rainbow.
93、做个好祖先。做一些下一代会感谢你的事情。一件简单的事情就是种一棵树。
Be a good ancestor. Do something a future generation will thank you for. A simple thing is to plant a tree.
94、这样的建议不是法律。它们就像帽子。如果一顶不合适，试试另一顶。
Advice like these are not laws. They are like hats. If one doesn’t fit, try another.

无法归类
95、创造艺术的不是神。只有不完美的人才能创造艺术，因为艺术始于破碎的东西
Jesus, Superman, and Mother Teresa never made art. Only imperfect beings can make art because art begins in what is broken.
96、阳台或门廊必须至少有6英尺(2米)宽，否则不能使用。
A balcony or porch needs to be at least 6 feet (2m) deep or it won’t be used.
97、历史上最大的罪恶总是由那些真正相信自己在与邪恶作斗争的人犯下的。谨防与邪恶作斗争。
The worst evils in history have always been committed by those who truly believed they were combating evil. Bewar e of combating evil.
98、玩大富翁游戏时，花光你所有的钱去购买、交换或交易 Orange 的房产。不要为公用事业操心。
When playing Monopoly, spend all you have to buy, barter, or trade for the Orange properties. Don’t bother with Utilities.

比如：你能像他一样，为这些建议赋予自己的理解。作者的经验就能跃然纸上。

小时候，让你与其它同学格格不入的东西，长大后会帮助你成功，如果你不失去它的话。
That thing that made you weird as a kid could make you great as an adult — if you don’t lose it.

注释：
这句话是说，一个人能够成功，不是因为你跟别人一样，而是因为你从小就跟别人不一样，并且保持了下来。这就是鼓励大家走不一样的路，别人告诉你做人要怎样怎样，听听就好。
——阮一峰

如果你借了什么东西，试着把它以比你收到的更好的形状归还。清洗，磨利，填满它。
If you borrow something, try to return it in better shape than you received it. Clean it, sharpen it, fill it up.

注释：
借充电宝后充满电再给人送过去会好很多，这也是我从朋友身上学到的。
——第一个喝牛奶的人对奶牛做了 什么,NGA

如果你对哪一段话有自己的感悟，可以在留言区分享你的经验，与大家一起交流。

在头脑风暴、即兴发挥、与他人合作时，如果你有意使用“是的，而且”引出例证，来代替通过“不对，但是”当场反驳，那么您获得更深远的成果。

本文原载于《科技爱好者周刊》（第157期，KK给年轻人的建议，译者阮一峰。）

https://kk.org/thetechnium/68-bits-of-unsolicited-advice/